DVS Use Cases

DVS (Decentralized Validated Services) are the new software modules on Pell Network that, whether EVM-compatible or not, introduce their own validation semantics for verification. As a result, they can implement various distributed systems and decentralized networks with inherited cryptoeconomic security. Below are some potential applications and ideas that can be built on Pell Network:

Rollups

Use Case	Trust Type	Description
Watch tower	Economic Trust	Vigilant monitoring for incorrect state executions and timely challenges are essential to ensure the security of optimistic rollups
Light client bridges	Economic Trust	Verify and accept bridge inputs off-chain with strong quorum to avoid paying high gas costs of the light client smart contract
Fast-mode bridges	Economic Trust	Verify ZK proofs off-chain, and certify that proofs are correct on-chain, to improve security
Reorg resistance	Economic Trust	Nodes with substantial stake attest to the block header of the most recently finalized block to ensure confirmation rules and establish resistance to chain reorganizations
Fast finality	Economic Trust	Fast finality layer enables nearly instantaneous economic finality through rollup state claims validated by a supermajority of nodes
Delayable keeper network	Economic Trust	Non-time-sensitive tasks like challenging optimistic rollups or managing bridge relays
Urgent keeper network	Inclusion Trust	Vigilant monitoring for incorrect state executions and timely challenges are essential to ensure the security of optimistic rollups
Single-slot finality	Inclusion Trust	Nodes can opt into signing off on a block’s finality and committing not to build on any chains that exclude that block, if they are willing to accept higher risk due to less verification time
Sequencer	Decentralization Trust	Decentralized transaction ordering service offers rollups a solution to the manipulation and short-term censorship of execution
Data availability	Decentralization Trust	Short-term data availability of transaction blobs ensures state execution correctness and liveness in rollups, particularly for data-heavy applications like gaming and social networking

Cryptography

Use Case	Trust Type	Description
Threshold	Decentralization Trust	Encrypted message can only be decoded by a large subset of signers, the application useful for commit-reveal and privacy protection, e.g. multiparty computation in Shamir Secret Sharing scenarios
FHE	Decentralization Trust	Fully homomorphic encryption allows nodes to perform functions on the data without knowing the entirety of the data, delivering a robust privacy guarantee
TEE	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Decentralized network of TEEs enhances their security by adding a guarantee that majority of nodes are acting honestly
Naysayer proofs	Decentralization Trust	Naysayer proofs offer an efficient and cost-effective method for handling proofs on-chain, initially accepting proofs optimistically and relying on "naysayers" to flag errors
MEV Varied	Decentralization Trust & Inclusion Trust	A variety of MEV management methods can enhance functionality and protect against targeted frontrunning: PBS, MEV smoothing, threshold encryption for transaction inclusion, multi-lane block proposal, event-driven activation, slot auctions, etc.

Coprocessors

Use Case	Trust Type	Description
AI execution	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Cost-effective and computationally secure AI inferences can be run on-chain to achieve program integrity, session privacy, and federated learning
Off-chain compute	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Blockchains need serverless cryptoeconomic coprocessors for historical data access and off-chain high-performance compute, while preserving decentralization, in use cases like decentralized databases, game engines, etc.
Relays	Decentralization Trust	Bridges can utilize a decentralized network of relay operators
Risk	Decentralization Trust	Engage a subset of nodes to simulate transactions and perform comprehensive risk analysis to safeguard against malicious actions
ZK Provers	Decentralization Trust	Quick and cost-effective zk proof generation through parallelization methods

Infra

Use Case	Trust Type	Description
Oracles	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Oracles that enshrine price feeds into Ethereum can be built if they require majority trust on restaked ETH
Execution environments	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Virtual machines to allow developers build Ethereum apps in their favorite programming language
Sidechains	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Settlement for sidechains with new consensus protocols which have low latency and high throughput
Proofs	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	On-chain verification for out-of-protocol computation (proof of machinehood), physical decentralization (proof of location), trustless confidentiality (proof of identity), querying big data (proof of storage), etc.
Off-chain Infrastructure	Economic Trust & Decentralization Trust	Bootstrapping general decentralized network with advanced features like circuit breakers (ensure protocol integrity by pausing or disabling functions), decentralized RPC (verifying data authenticity and appending signatures to responses), etc.

Other ideas

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